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Baud
  • A unit of modulation rate. One baud corresponds to a rate of one unit interval per second, where the modulation rate is expressed as the reciprocal of the duration in seconds of the shortest unit interval.
  • A unit of signaling speed equal to the number of discrete signal conditions, variations, or events per second. Note: If the duration of the unit interval is 20 milliseconds, the signaling speed is 50 baud. If the signal transmitted during each unit interval can take on any one of M discrete states, the bit rate is equal to the rate in baud times log2M. The technique used to encode the allowable signal states may be any combination of amplitude, frequency, or phase modulation, but it cannot use a further time-division multiplexing technique to subdivide the unit intervals into multiple sub-intervals. In some signaling systems, non-information-carrying signals may be inserted to facilitate synchronization; e. g. , in certain forms of binary modulation coding, there is a forced inversion of the signal state at the center of the bit interval. In these cases, the synchronization signals are included in the calculation of the rate in baud but not in the computation of bit rate. See also bit rate, data signaling rate, unit interval.